**Scholars hold differing opinions on the specific criteria that should be used to categorize a model as "commercial." One crucial aspect under debate is whether profitability is an essential characteristic of a "commercial" model. In this article, we embrace the Market Presence definition. According to this perspective, a model is considered commercial if it:

1. Was available for widespread purchase by a broad audience through advertising.

2. Shows evidence of sales.

3. Was not designed as a limited-run item, but for mass commercial use.

 

Based on this criteria, the IME 84, Wyle Scientific, and Friden EC-130 may be recognized as the pioneering commercial models. In regard to the Mathatronics Mathatron 4-24, 1964 or earlier advertising has so far not been located.  

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Conversely, if profitability is a criterion used (under the Profitability-Based definition), the Mathatronics Mathatron 4-24 (though the information is based on a singular trustworthy source), and notably the Friden EC-130, would meet this threshold. Consequently, the Mathatronics Mathatron 4-24 and the Friden EC-130 would be regarded as the earliest commercial models when considering both this criterion and the existing tangible evidence.

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Another approach apparently posits that for a model to be termed "commercial," a company should produce a series of models over many years following the introduction of the inaugural model. This temporal continuity over time implies likely success and profitability. Friden, IME, and Sharp maintained a consistent lineage of electronic calculators starting from their inaugural models, lasting until 1975, 1977, and ongoing, respectively. In contrast, Mathatronics and Wyle had shorter runs, ending in 1968 and 1967, respectively. Embracing this criteria would mean that the Friden EC-130, IME 84, and Sharp Compet would qualify as the first commercial models.